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Code snippets are templates that make it easier to enter repeating code patterns, such as loops or conditional-statements.
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In Visual Studio Code, snippets appear in IntelliSense (⌃Space (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Space)) mixed with other suggestions, as well as in a dedicated snippet picker (Insert Snippet in the Command Palette). There is also support for tab-completion: Enable it with 'editor.tabCompletion': 'on'
, type a snippet prefix (trigger text), and press Tab to insert a snippet.
The snippet syntax follows the TextMate snippet syntax with the exceptions of 'interpolated shell code' and the use of u
; both are not supported.
Install snippets from the Marketplace
Many extensions on the VS Code Marketplace include snippets. If you find one you want to use, install it and restart VS Code and the new snippet will be available (see Extension Marketplace for more instructions on installing an extension).
Below are some popular extensions that include snippets in their language support:
Tip: The extensions shown above are dynamically queried. Click on an extension tile above to read the description and reviews to decide which extension is best for you. See more in the Marketplace.
Create your own snippets
You can easily define your own snippets without any extension. To create or edit your own snippets, select User Snippets under File > Preferences (Code > Preferences on macOS), and then select the language (by language identifier) for which the snippets should appear, or the New Global Snippets file option if they should appear for all languages. VS Code manages the creation and refreshing of the underlying snippets file(s) for you.
Snippets files are written in JSON, support C-style comments, and can define an unlimited number of snippets. Snippets support most TextMate syntax for dynamic behavior, intelligently format whitespace based on the insertion context, and allow easy multiline editing.
Below is an example of a for
loop snippet for JavaScript:
In the example above:
- 'For Loop' is the snippet name. It is displayed via IntelliSense if no
description
is provided. prefix
defines one or more trigger words that display the snippet in IntelliSense. Substring matching is performed on prefixes, so in this case, 'fc' could match 'for-const'.body
is one or more lines of content, which will be joined as multiple lines upon insertion. Newlines and embedded tabs will be formatted according to the context in which the snippet is inserted.description
is an optional description of the snippet displayed by IntelliSense.
Additionally, the body
of the example above has three placeholders (listed in order of traversal): ${1:array}
, ${2:element}
, and $0
. You can quickly jump to the next placeholder with Tab, at which point you may edit the placeholder or jump again the next one. The string after the colon (if any) is the default text, for example element
in ${2:element}
. Placeholder traversal order is ascending by number, starting from one; zero is an optional special case that always comes last, and exits snippet mode with the cursor at the specified position.
Snippet scope
Snippets are scoped so that only relevant snippets are suggested. Snippets can be scoped by either:
- the language(s) to which snippets are scoped (possibly all)
- the project(s) to which snippets are scoped (probably all)
Language snippet scope
Every snippet is scoped to one, several, or all ('global') languages based on whether it is defined in:
- a language snippet file
- a global snippet file
Single-language user-defined snippets are defined in a specific language's snippet file (for example javascript.json
), which you can access by language identifier through Preferences: Configure User Snippets. A snippet is only accessible when editing the language for which it is defined.
Multi-language and global user-defined snippets are all defined in 'global' snippet files (JSON with the file suffix .code-snippets
), which is also accessible through Preferences: Configure User Snippets. In a global snippets file, a snippet definition may have an additional scope
property that takes one or more language identifiers, which makes the snippet available only for those specified languages. If no scope
property is given, then the global snippet is available in all languages.
Sniper App 1 3 4 – Snippets Manager Training Software
Most user-defined snippets are scoped to a single language, and so are defined in a language-specific snippet file.
Project snippet scope
You can also have a global snippets file (JSON with file suffix .code-snippets
) scoped to your project. Project-folder snippets are created with the New Snippets file for '.vscode
folder. Project snippet files are useful for sharing snippets with all users working in that project. Project-folder snippets are similar to global snippets and can be scoped to specific languages through the scope
property.
Snippet syntax
The body
of a snippet can use special constructs to control cursors and the text being inserted. The following are supported features and their syntaxes:
Tabstops
With tabstops, you can make the editor cursor move inside a snippet. Use $1
, $2
to specify cursor locations. The number is the order in which tabstops will be visited, whereas $0
denotes the final cursor position. Multiple occurrences of the same tabstop are linked and updated in sync.
Placeholders
Placeholders are tabstops with values, like ${1:foo}
. The placeholder text will be inserted and selected such that it can be easily changed. Placeholders can be nested, like ${1:another ${2:placeholder}}
.
Choice
Placeholders can have choices as values. The syntax is a comma-separated enumeration of values, enclosed with the pipe-character, for example ${1 one,two,three }
. When the snippet is inserted and the placeholder selected, choices will prompt the user to pick one of the values.
Variables
With $name
or ${name:default}
, you can insert the value of a variable. When a variable isn't set, its default or the empty string is inserted. When a variable is unknown (that is, its name isn't defined) the name of the variable is inserted and it is transformed into a placeholder.
The following variables can be used:
TM_SELECTED_TEXT
The currently selected text or the empty stringTM_CURRENT_LINE
The contents of the current lineTM_CURRENT_WORD
The contents of the word under cursor or the empty stringTM_LINE_INDEX
The zero-index based line numberTM_LINE_NUMBER
The one-index based line numberTM_FILENAME
The filename of the current documentTM_FILENAME_BASE
The filename of the current document without its extensionsTM_DIRECTORY
The directory of the current documentTM_FILEPATH
The full file path of the current documentCLIPBOARD
The contents of your clipboardWORKSPACE_NAME
The name of the opened workspace or folder
For inserting the current date and time:
CURRENT_YEAR
The current yearCURRENT_YEAR_SHORT
The current year's last two digitsCURRENT_MONTH
The month as two digits (example '02')CURRENT_MONTH_NAME
The full name of the month (example 'July')CURRENT_MONTH_NAME_SHORT
The short name of the month (example 'Jul')CURRENT_DATE
The day of the monthCURRENT_DAY_NAME
The name of day (example 'Monday')CURRENT_DAY_NAME_SHORT
The short name of the day (example 'Mon')CURRENT_HOUR
The current hour in 24-hour clock formatCURRENT_MINUTE
The current minuteCURRENT_SECOND
The current secondCURRENT_SECONDS_UNIX
The number of seconds since the Unix epoch
For inserting line or block comments, honoring the current language:
BLOCK_COMMENT_START
Example output: in PHP/*
or in HTML<!--
BLOCK_COMMENT_END
Example output: in PHP*/
or in HTML-->
LINE_COMMENT
Example output: in PHP//
The snippet below inserts /* Hello World */
in JavaScript files and <!-- Hello World -->
in HTML files:
Variable transforms
Transformations allow you to modify the value of a variable before it is inserted. The definition of a transformation consists of three parts:
- A regular expression that is matched against the value of a variable, or the empty string when the variable cannot be resolved.
- A 'format string' that allows to reference matching groups from the regular expression. The format string allows for conditional inserts and simple modifications.
- Options that are passed to the regular expression.
The following example inserts the name of the current file without its ending, so from foo.txt
it makes foo
.
Placeholder-Transform
Like a Variable-Transform, a transformation of a placeholder allows changing the inserted text for the placeholder when moving to the next tab stop. The inserted text is matched with the regular expression and the match or matches - depending on the options - are replaced with the specified replacement format text. Every occurrence of a placeholder can define its own transformation independently using the value of the first placeholder. The format for Placeholder-Transforms is the same as for Variable-Transforms.
Transform examples
The examples are shown within double quotes, as they would appear inside a snippet body, to illustrate the need to double escape certain characters. Sample transformations and the resulting output for the filename example-123.456-TEST.js
.
Example | Output | Explanation |
---|---|---|
'${TM_FILENAME/[.]/_/}' | example-123_456-TEST.js | Replace the first . with _ |
'${TM_FILENAME/[.-]/_/g}' | example_123_456_TEST_js | Replace each . or - with _ |
'${TM_FILENAME/(.*)/${1:/upcase}/}' | EXAMPLE-123.456-TEST.JS | Change to all uppercase |
'${TM_FILENAME/[^0-9^a-z]//gi}' | example123456TESTjs | Remove non-alphanumeric characters |
Grammar
Sniper App 1 3 4 – Snippets Manager Training Reliaslearning
Below is the EBNF (extended Backus-Naur form) for snippets. With (backslash), you can escape
$
, }
, and . Within choice elements, the backslash also escapes comma and pipe characters.
Using TextMate snippets
You can also use existing TextMate snippets (.tmSnippets) with VS Code. See the Using TextMate Snippets topic in our Extension API section to learn more.
Assign keybindings to snippets
You can create custom keybindings to insert specific snippets. Open keybindings.json
(Preferences: Open Keyboard Shortcuts File), which defines all your keybindings, and add a keybinding passing 'snippet'
as an extra argument:
The keybinding will invoke the Insert Snippet command but instead of prompting you to select a snippet, it will insert the provided snippet. You define the custom keybinding as usual with a keyboard shortcut, command ID, and optional when clause context for when the keyboard shortcut is enabled.
Also, instead of using the snippet
argument value to define your snippet inline, you can reference an existing snippet by using the langId
and name
arguments. The langId
argument is the name of the JSON user snippet file and name
is the snippet's unique name from this file:
Next steps
Sniper App 1 3 4 – Snippets Manager Training Certification
- Command Line - VS Code has a rich command-line interface to open or diff files and install extensions.
- Extension API - Learn about other ways to extend VS Code.
- Snippet Guide - You can package snippets for use in VS Code.
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Common questions
What if I want to use existing TextMate snippets from a .tmSnippet file?
You can easily package TextMate snippets files for use in VS Code. See Using TextMate Snippets in our Extension API documentation.