1. Netnewswire 5 0 3 100
2. Netnewswire 5 0 3 12
3. Netnewswire 5
4. Netnewswire 5 0 3 15

NetNewsWire is a news aggregator for macOS and iOS.

History[edit]

NetNewsWire was developed by Brent and Sheila Simmons for their company Ranchero Software. It was introduced on July 12, 2002, with NetNewsWire Lite, a free version missing some advanced features of the (then commercial) version,^[1] introduced some weeks later. Version 1.0 was released on February 11, 2003, and version 2.0 was released in May 2005. At that time it included custom feed views, custom downloading and opening of podcasts, synchronization of feeds and feed status between computers, Bloglines support, and a built-in tabbed browser.

1. An announcement from Black Pixel An announcement from Brent Simmons.
2. When ordering products with a nominal size of 0.5 to 5.5 with a butted seam, add the prefix 'WS' to the part number (ex.5.5-4 –WS5.5-4). 3) Delivery lead times may vary depending on the product. Contact JST for details.
3. I got this bounce message. How do I fix it? This section contains steps that you can try to fix the problem yourself. If these steps don't fix the problem for you, contact your email admin and refer them to this topic so they can try to resolve the issue for you.

In October 2005, NewsGator bought NetNewsWire, bringing their NewsGator Online RSS synchronization service to the Mac.^[2] Brent Simmons was hired by NewsGator to continue developing the software.^[3]

= 0.7 2 × 0.3 1. The 0.7 is the probability of each choice we want, call it p. The 2 is the number of choices we want, call it k. And we have (so far): = p k × 0.3 1. The 0.3 is the probability of the opposite choice, so it is: 1−p. The 1 is the number of opposite choices, so it is: n−k. Which gives us: = p k (1-p) (n-k) Where. Compute answers using Wolfram's breakthrough technology & knowledgebase, relied on by millions of students & professionals. For math, science, nutrition, history.

NetNewsWire 3.0 was released on June 5, 2007.^[4] The version added Spotlight indexing of news items, integration with iCal, iPhoto, Address Book, and VoodooPad, Growl support, a new user interface, performance enhancements, and more.

The application was originally shareware, but became free with the release of NetNewsWire 3.1 on January 10, 2008. NetNewsWire Lite was discontinued at the same time. NetNewsWire 3.2 moved to an advertisement-supported model, with an option to purchase the application to remove ads.

An iOS version of NetNewsWire with support for the iPhone, iPod Touch and later for the iPad was released on the first day of the App Store. It included syncing of unread articles with the desktop version.

NetNewsWire Lite 4.0 was introduced on March 3, 2011 on the Mac App Store. While it misses several of the advanced features included in NetNewsWire 3.2, it includes a completely rewritten code base. In the future, this will be used in the iOS versions of the app and for NetNewsWire 4.0 which will be shareware again.^[5]

On June 3, 2011, the acquisition of NetNewsWire by Black Pixel was announced.^[6] For two years development had been apparently stalled, with a gap in updates from 2011 through the release of the version 4 Open Beta.^[7]

On June 24, 2013, NetNewsWire 4.0 was announced and released as an open beta by Black Pixel. This announcement also brought news that the product would be a commercial product, with no free component (though the beta would be free to use through the final release).^[8]

The final release of NetNewsWire 4.0 occurred on September 3, 2015.^[9]

In 2017 support of JSON Feed was added into the code base.^[10]

On August 31, 2018, Black Pixel announced that they have returned the NetNewsWire intellectual property to Brent Simmons.^[11]

On September 1, 2018, Brent Simmons released NetNewsWire 5.0d1. It was a renamed version of his open source Mac RSS reader 'Evergreen'.^[12] Almost a year later, NetNewsWire 5.0 was released on August 26, 2019.^[13]

On December 22, 2019, Brent Simmons started a public beta for the NetNewsWire iOS app.^[14] The iOS version of NetNewsWire 5.0 was released March 9, 2020.^[15]

Reception[edit]

NetNewsWire was well regarded by many users and reviewers. According to FeedBurner, NetNewsWire was the most popular desktop newsreader on all platforms in 2005.^[16] The software received a Macworld Editor's Choice Award in 2003^[17] and 2005^[18] and maintained a 4.8 out of five stars rating among reviewers at VersionTracker (now CNET).^[19]Ars Technica called NetNewsWire's built-in browser 'hands-down the best of any Mac newsreader,'^[20] and Walter Mossberg, technology columnist for The Wall Street Journal, said that NetNewsWire is his favorite for the Mac.^[21]

NetNewsWire 5.0 was also received well. MacStories praised the RSS reader's search engine and general stability, but lamented that some advanced features and customization options had not made it into the release, calling 5.0 'a solid foundation for the future'.^[22]Gizmodo wrote that NetNewsWire 5.0 was off to a promising start, but agreed that it lacked some of the features that might be expected by a power user.^[23]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^'NetNewsWire feature chart'. NewsGator. Retrieved 2007-05-30.
2. ^Fleischman, Glenn (2005-10-10). 'NewsGator Acquires NetNewsWire'. TidBITS. Adam C. Engst. Retrieved 2007-05-30.
3. ^'NewsGator acquires NetNewsWire'. Brent Simmons. Retrieved 2011-06-12.
4. ^McNulty, Scott (2007-06-05). 'NetNewsWire 3.0 now available'. TUAW. Retrieved 2007-06-05.
5. ^'The return of NetNewsWire Lite'. Brent Simmons. Retrieved 2011-06-12.
6. ^'NetNewsWire acquired by Black Pixel'. Brent Simmons. Retrieved 2011-06-12.
7. ^'NetNewsWire 3.3'. Archived from the original on 2013-01-12. Retrieved 2013-02-03.
8. ^'NetNewsWire 4 Open Beta'. Daniel Pasco. Retrieved 2013-06-27.
9. ^https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/netnewswire/id635060292?mt=12
10. ^Brent Simmons (2017-09-04). 'Support JSON Feeds'. Retrieved 2020-01-01.
11. ^Dick, George (31 August 2018). 'The Future of NetNewsWire'. Retrieved 2 September 2018.
12. ^'NetNewsWire History'. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
13. ^'NetNewsWire 5.0 Now Available'. 26 August 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
14. ^'inessential: NetNewsWire 5 for iOS Public TestFlight'. inessential.com. Retrieved 2020-01-25.
15. ^'NetNewsWire: Free and Open Source RSS Reader for Mac and iOS'. ranchero.com. Retrieved 2020-03-08.
16. ^'RSS Market Share'. Burning Questions. FeedBurner. 2005-01-10. Archived from the original on 2007-06-02. Retrieved 2007-05-30.
17. ^'The 19th Annual Editors' Choice Awards'. Macworld. Mac Publishing. 2004-02-01. Archived from the original on 2007-07-05. Retrieved 2007-05-30.
18. ^Frakes, Dan (2005-12-20). 'NetNewsWire 2: Even with Safari 2.0 in the picture, RSS reader remains indispensable'. Macworld. Mac Publishing. Archived from the original on 2007-06-02. Retrieved 2007-05-30.
19. ^'NetNewsWire'. CNET. 2007-05-30. Retrieved 2013-06-30.
20. ^Warren, Brian (2005-09-22). 'Mac RSS Readers'. Ars Technica. Retrieved 2007-05-30.
21. ^Mossberg, Walt (2005-05-05). 'A Guide to Using RSS, Which Helps You Scan Vast Array of Sites'. All Things Digital. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2007-05-30.
22. ^'NetNewsWire Review: The Mac RSS Client, Rebooted with a Solid Foundation for the Future'. Retrieved 2020-01-23.
23. ^'One of the Best RSS Readers Is Back'. Gizmodo. Retrieved 2020-01-23.

External links[edit]

• Official website

Tossing a Coin:

• Did we get Heads (H) or
• Tails (T)

We say the probability of the coin landing H is ½
And the probability of the coin landing T is ½

Throwing a Die:

• Did we get a four ... ?
• ... or not?

We say the probability of a four is 1/6 (one of the six faces is a four)
And the probability of not four is 5/6 (five of the six faces are not a four)

Note that a die has 6 sides but here we look at only two cases: 'four: yes' or 'four: no'

Let's Toss a Coin!

Toss a fair coin three times ... what is the chance of getting two Heads?

Tossing a coin three times (H is for heads, T for Tails) can get any of these 8 outcomes:

Which outcomes do we want?

'Two Heads' could be in any order: 'HHT', 'THH' and 'HTH' all have two Heads (and one Tail).

So 3 of the outcomes produce 'Two Heads'.

What is the probability of each outcome?

Each outcome is equally likely, and there are 8 of them, so each outcome has a probability of 1/8

So the probability of event 'Two Heads' is:

Netnewswire 5 0 3 100

So the chance of getting Two Heads is 3/8

We used special words:

• Outcome: any result of three coin tosses (8 different possibilities)
• Event: 'Two Heads' out of three coin tosses (3 outcomes have this)

3 Heads, 2 Heads, 1 Head, None

The calculations are (P means 'Probability of'):

• P(Three Heads) = P(HHH) = 1/8
• P(Two Heads) = P(HHT) + P(HTH) + P(THH) = 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 = 3/8
• P(One Head) = P(HTT) + P(THT) + P(TTH) = 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 = 3/8
• P(Zero Heads) = P(TTT) = 1/8

We can write this in terms of a Random Variable, X, = 'The number of Heads from 3 tosses of a coin':

• P(X = 3) = 1/8
• P(X = 2) = 3/8
• P(X = 1) = 3/8
• P(X = 0) = 1/8

And this is what it looks like as a graph:

It is symmetrical!

Making a Formula

Now imagine we want the chances of 5 heads in 9 tosses: to list all 512 outcomes will take a long time!

So let's make a formula.

In our previous example, how can we get the values 1, 3, 3 and 1 ?

Well, they are actually in Pascal’s Triangle !

Can we make them using a formula?

Sure we can, and here it is:

It is often called 'n choose k'

• n = total number
• k = number we want
• the '!' means 'factorial', for example 4! = 1×2×3×4 = 24

You can read more about it at Combinations and Permutations.

Let's try it:

Example: with 3 tosses, what are the chances of 2 Heads?

We have n=3 and k=2:

So there are 3 outcomes that have '2 Heads'

(We knew that already, but now we have a formula for it.)

Let's use it for a harder question:

Example: with 9 tosses, what are the chances of 5 Heads?

We have n=9 and k=5:

So 126 of the outcomes will have 5 heads

And for 9 tosses there are a total of 2⁹ = 512 outcomes, so we get the probability:

So:

P(X=5) = 126512 = 0.24609375

About a 25% chance.

(Easier than listing them all.)

Bias!

So far the chances of success or failure have been equally likely.

But what if the coins are biased (land more on one side than another) or choices are not 50/50.

Example: You sell sandwiches. 70% of people choose chicken, the rest choose something else.

What is the probability of selling 2 chicken sandwiches to the next 3 customers?

This is just like the heads and tails example, but with 70/30 instead of 50/50.

Let's draw a tree diagram:

The 'Two Chicken' cases are highlighted.

The probabilities for 'two chickens' all work out to be 0.147, because we are multiplying two 0.7s and one 0.3 in each case. In other words

0.147 = 0.7 × 0.7 × 0.3

Or, using exponents:

= 0.7² × 0.3¹

The 0.7 is the probability of each choice we want, call it p

The 2 is the number of choices we want, call it k

And we have (so far):

= p^k × 0.3¹

The 0.3 is the probability of the opposite choice, so it is: 1−p

The 1 is the number of opposite choices, so it is: n−k

Which gives us:

= p^k(1-p)^(n-k)

Where

• p is the probability of each choice we want
• k is the the number of choices we want
• n is the total number of choices

Example: (continued)

Netnewswire 5 0 3 12

• p = 0.7 (chance of chicken)
• k = 2 (chicken choices)
• n = 3 (total choices)

So we get:

which is what we got before, but now using a formula

Now we know the probability of each outcome is 0.147

But we need to include that there are three such ways it can happen: (chicken, chicken, other) or (chicken, other, chicken) or (other, chicken, chicken)

Example: (continued)

The total number of 'two chicken' outcomes is:

And we get:

So the probability of event '2 people out of 3 choose chicken' = 0.441

OK. That was a lot of work for something we knew already, but now we have a formula we can use for harder questions.

Example: Sam says '70% choose chicken, so 7 of the next 10 customers should choose chicken' ... what are the chances Sam is right?

So we have:

• p = 0.7
• n = 10
• k = 7

And we get:

That is the probability of each outcome.

And the total number of those outcomes is:

And we get:

So the probability of 7 out of 10 choosing chicken is only about 27%

Moral of the story: even though the long-run average is 70%, don't expect 7 out of the next 10.

Putting it Together

Now we know how to calculate how many:

n!k!(n-k)!

And the probability of each:

p^k(1-p)^(n-k)

When multiplied together we get:

Probability of k out of n ways:

P(k out of n) = n!k!(n-k)!p^k(1-p)^(n-k)

The General Binomial Probability Formula

Important Notes:

• The trials are independent,
• There are only two possible outcomes at each trial,
• The probability of 'success' at each trial is constant.

Quincunx

Have a play with the Quincunx (then read Quincunx Explained) to see the Binomial Distribution in action.

Throw the Die

A fair die is thrown four times. Calculate the probabilities of getting:

• 0 Twos
• 1 Two
• 2 Twos
• 3 Twos
• 4 Twos

In this case n=4, p = P(Two) = 1/6

Netnewswire 5

X is the Random Variable ‘Number of Twos from four throws’.

Substitute x = 0 to 4 into the formula:

P(k out of n) = n!k!(n-k)! p^k(1-p)^(n-k)

Like this (to 4 decimal places):

• P(X = 0) = 4!0!4! × (1/6)⁰(5/6)⁴ = 1 × 1 × (5/6)⁴ = 0.4823
• P(X = 1) = 4!1!3! × (1/6)¹(5/6)³ = 4 × (1/6) × (5/6)³ = 0.3858
• P(X = 2) = 4!2!2! × (1/6)²(5/6)² = 6 × (1/6)² × (5/6)² = 0.1157
• P(X = 3) = 4!3!1! × (1/6)³(5/6)¹ = 4 × (1/6)³ × (5/6) = 0.0154
• P(X = 4) = 4!4!0! × (1/6)⁴(5/6)⁰ = 1 × (1/6)⁴ × 1 = 0.0008

Summary: 'for the 4 throws, there is a 48% chance of no twos, 39% chance of 1 two, 12% chance of 2 twos, 1.5% chance of 3 twos, and a tiny 0.08% chance of all throws being a two (but it still could happen!)'

This time the graph is not symmetrical:

It is not symmetrical!

It is skewed because p is not 0.5

Sports Bikes

Your company makes sports bikes. 90% pass final inspection (and 10% fail and need to be fixed).

What is the expected Mean and Variance of the 4 next inspections?

First, let's calculate all probabilities.

• n = 4,
• p = P(Pass) = 0.9

X is the Random Variable 'Number of passes from four inspections'.

Netnewswire 5 0 3 15

Substitute x = 0 to 4 into the formula:

P(k out of n) = n!k!(n-k)! p^k(1-p)^(n-k)

Like this:

• P(X = 0) = 4!0!4! × 0.9⁰0.1⁴ = 1 × 1 × 0.0001 = 0.0001
• P(X = 1) = 4!1!3! × 0.9¹0.1³ = 4 × 0.9 × 0.001 = 0.0036
• P(X = 2) = 4!2!2! × 0.9²0.1² = 6 × 0.81 × 0.01 = 0.0486
• P(X = 3) = 4!3!1! × 0.9³0.1¹ = 4 × 0.729 × 0.1 = 0.2916
• P(X = 4) = 4!4!0! × 0.9⁴0.1⁰ = 1 × 0.6561 × 1 = 0.6561

Summary: 'for the 4 next bikes, there is a tiny 0.01% chance of no passes, 0.36% chance of 1 pass, 5% chance of 2 passes, 29% chance of 3 passes, and a whopping 66% chance they all pass the inspection.'

Mean, Variance and Standard Deviation

Let's calculate the Mean, Variance and Standard Deviation for the Sports Bike inspections.

There are (relatively) simple formulas for them. They are a little hard to prove, but they do work!

The mean, or 'expected value', is:

μ = np

For the sports bikes:

μ = 4 × 0.9 = 3.6

So we can expect 3.6 bikes (out of 4) to pass the inspection.
Makes sense really ... 0.9 chance for each bike times 4 bikes equals 3.6

The formula for Variance is:

Variance: σ² = np(1-p)

And Standard Deviation is the square root of variance:

σ = √(np(1-p))

For the sports bikes:

Variance: σ² = 4 × 0.9 × 0.1 = 0.36

Standard Deviation is:

σ = √(0.36) = 0.6

Note: we could also calculate them manually, by making a table like this:

The mean is the Sum of (X × P(X)):

μ = 3.6

The variance is the Sum of (X² × P(X)) minus Mean²:

Variance: σ² = 13.32 − 3.6² = 0.36

σ = √(0.36) = 0.6

Summary

• The General Binomial Probability Formula:

  P(k out of n) = n!k!(n-k)! p^k(1-p)^(n-k)

• Mean value of X: μ = np
• Variance of X: σ² = np(1-p)
• Standard Deviation of X: σ = √(np(1-p))